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China adalah sumber import terbesar EU. Tiga daripada empat kategori DPP pertama adalah kawasan dominasi kilang China.
Bateri — Feb 2027
China mengeluarkan 77% sel global.
Tekstil — 2028
Setiap SKU mungkin perlu DPP sendiri.
Elektronik — 2028-2029
Shenzhen: Xiaomi, Anker, DJI.
Infrastruktur berkongsi
Bina sekali.
Langkah 1-3
Akaun CN + USCI.
Langkah 4: QSeal
Sebab penolakan #1.
Langkah 5-7
Dengan RA tempatan: 2 minggu.
Hash-only signing
Only SHA-256 hashes leave China. Private keys stay in HSM. Compliant with China Cryptography Law.
Throughput
Tier-1: 50K-200K signatures/day. Two QTSP endpoints for failover.
MES integration
MES generates DPP JSON → hash pipeline → signing API → XAdES-LTA → QR/NFC.
One-time. 3-5 business days with local RA.
XAdES-LTA in MES.
100K/day = ¥2.9M-28.5M/year.
Annual customs audit budget.
Start Q3 2026.
USCI confusion
30% of failures. USCI (18 digits, starts with 9) ≠ business license number.
Name transliteration mismatch
25%. Lock one official English name.
Cryptography Law concerns
15% of delays. Hash-only architecture resolves this.
Throughput underestimated
20%. Test at 3× peak.
Certificate renewal ignored
10%. Plan 60-90 days ahead.
Battery makers
Q3 2026 VEO. Q4 API. Q1 2027 sandbox. Q2 production.
Textile exporters
Assess SKU volume. Map data fields.
Electronics
Budget for DPP in 2027 capital plan.
eSign.AI is RA for ANF AC. Chinese-language document processing (3-5 business days), Chinese SDK, batch signing API (100 DPP/call, 1,000+/min), qualified timestamps, PKCS#1 hash-only signing. Private keys never leave the manufacturer environment.
